Piles, medically known as Haemorrhoids, are a prevalent condition characterised by the swelling and inflammation of blood vessels in the rectum and anus. They can occur internally, inside the rectum, or externally, around the opening of the anus. Piles can result in various uncomfortable symptoms, including pain, discomfort, itching, and rectal bleeding, which can significantly impact the quality of life for individuals affected by them.

Piles are a widespread condition that can affect individuals of all ages. However, they are more commonly observed in adults between the ages of 45 and 65. This age group tends to be more susceptible to developing piles due to factors such as changes in lifestyle, dietary habits, and weakening of the rectal and anal tissues over time.

Types of Haemorrhoids:

Internal Haemorrhoids:Internal haemorrhoids are located inside the rectum, and they are generally painless.They may cause bright red bleeding during bowel movements. Internal haemorrhoids may prolapse or protrude outside the anus during straining, but they can be pushed back inside.

They are graded based on their severity:

Grade 1: Small haemorrhoids that do not protrude.

Grade 2: Haemorrhoids that protrude during bowel movements but retract spontaneously.

Grade 3: Haemorrhoids that require manual pushing back inside the anus.

Grade 4: Haemorrhoids that are permanently prolapsed and cannot be pushed back.

External Haemorrhoids: External haemorrhoids develop around the opening of the anus. They can cause pain, discomfort, itching, and swelling in the anal area. Thrombosed external haemorrhoids occur when blood clots form within the swollen hemorrhoidal tissue, causing severe pain and inflammation.

Combination Haemorrhoids: Some individuals may experience a combination of internal and external haemorrhoids.

Symptoms of Haemorrhoids

Haemorrhoids can manifest with various symptoms that can vary in severity from person to person. Recognizing these symptoms is crucial for timely intervention and appropriate management. Here are some common symptoms associated with piles:

• Rectal Bleeding: One of the hallmark symptoms of piles is rectal bleeding. You may notice bright red blood on the toilet paper or in the toilet bowl after a bowel movement. The bleeding is typically painless but can be alarming.
• Itching and Discomfort: Piles can cause intense itching in and around the anus. This itching is often accompanied by a general feeling of discomfort or irritation.
• Pain or Discomfort during Bowel Movements: Passing stools can become painful or uncomfortable when you have piles. This discomfort may range from mild to severe, depending on the size and location of the haemorrhoids.
• Swelling and Inflammation: Piles can lead to the swelling and inflammation of the blood vessels in the rectal and anal area. This swelling can cause a visible lump or swelling around the anus.
• Anal Leakage: In some cases, piles can cause mucus discharge from the anus. This discharge may be clear or stained with blood and can contribute to a feeling of dampness or discomfort.
• Difficulty in Cleaning: The presence of piles can make it challenging to clean the anal area thoroughly after bowel movements, leading to a sense of uncleanliness or persistent discomfort.

The severity and combination of symptoms may vary from person to personIf you are experiencing symptoms of piles or are concerned about your rectal health, don't hesitate to seek medical attention.early intervention and proper management can help alleviate symptoms, improve your quality of life, and prevent complications associated with piles.

Causes of Haemorrhoids

Haemorrhoids develop when the blood vessels in the rectum and anus become swollen and inflamed. While the exact cause of piles is not always clear, several factors can contribute to their development. Understanding these causes can help in preventing and managing piles effectively. Here are some common factors associated with the development of piles:

• Straining during Bowel Movements: One of the primary causes of piles is excessive straining during bowel movements. This can occur due to various reasons, such as chronic constipation, hard stools, or prolonged sitting on the toilet.
• Chronic Constipation: Individuals who regularly experience constipation are more prone to developing piles. Straining to pass hard stools puts pressure on the blood vessels in the rectal area, leading to their swelling and inflammation.
• Diarrhoea: Conversely, chronic diarrhoea can also contribute to the development of piles. Frequent loose stools can irritate the rectal and anal area, causing inflammation of the blood vessels.
• Pregnancy: Pregnant women often experience piles due to hormonal changes and increased pressure on the veins in the pelvic region. The growing uterus puts pressure on the rectal area, making pregnant women more susceptible to developing piles.
• Obesity: Excess body weight and obesity can increase the risk of developing piles. The added weight puts pressure on the veins in the rectal area, leading to their enlargement and inflammation.
• Sedentary Lifestyle: Leading a sedentary lifestyle, characterised by long periods of sitting or lack of physical activity, can contribute to the development of piles. Inactivity can hinder proper blood circulation and increase the pressure on the blood vessels in the rectal area.
• Ageing: As we age, the tissues and muscles in the rectal and anal area may weaken, making us more susceptible to developing piles. The ageing process can also affect the elasticity of the blood vessels, leading to their enlargement.
• Genetics: There may be a genetic predisposition to developing piles. If you have a family history of haemorrhoids, you may have an increased risk of developing the condition.

While these factors can increase the likelihood of developing piles, not everyone with these risk factors will develop the condition. By understanding the causes and making lifestyle modifications, you can reduce your risk and manage piles effectively.

If you are experiencing the discomfort and symptoms associated with piles, seeking proper medical evaluation and treatment is essential. At MASSH, we are dedicated to providing comprehensive care for individuals with piles, offering a range of treatment options tailored to your specific needs. Our team of experienced healthcare professionals is committed to delivering personalised and effective solutions to alleviate your symptoms and improve your quality of life. Don't let piles disrupt your daily activities or cause unnecessary discomfort. Take the first step towards relief by scheduling a consultation with our experts at MASSH.