Gallbladder removal, or cholecystectomy, is a common surgery often performed to address problems such as gallstones or gallbladder disease. While the gallbladder plays a role in digestion by storing bile produced by the liver, many people live healthy lives without it. 

In 2022, a total of 3,290,339 cholecystectomy procedures were performed in India. In India, approximately 4% of the population has gallstones, whereas in Western countries, this figure is around 10%.

But what happens to your body after the gallbladder is removed? Does it cause changes in digestion? What are the potential long-term effects of gallbladder removal on your body? And what are the tips for adapting to life without a gallbladder? Let’s answer all these questions.

Why Gallbladder Removal Might Be Necessary

The gallbladder is a small, pear-shaped organ under the liver that stores bile fluid, which helps digest fats. When you eat fatty foods, the gallbladder releases bile into the small intestine to aid digestion.

Gallbladder removal, or cholecystectomy, is often needed for people with serious gallbladder problems. One common issue is gallstones, which are hard deposits that can block the bile ducts, causing severe pain and possibly infections. These blockages can also lead to cholecystitis, which is when the gallbladder becomes inflamed, often due to gallstones. 

Another problem that might require this surgery is biliary dyskinesia, where the gallbladder doesn’t move properly, causing digestive troubles. Pancreatitis is another reason for removal; it happens when gallstones block the bile duct, causing inflammation in the pancreas and affecting digestion. These conditions can be very painful and cause serious complications, making gallbladder removal necessary to improve health.

Now that you know about the importance of gallbladder removal, let’s review what you should expect as a patient before going through the surgery.

The Surgery: What to Expect

When you need your gallbladder removed, doctors can use one of two main methods: laparoscopic cholecystectomy or open cholecystectomy.

During a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the surgeon makes a few small incisions in your abdomen. They use a tiny camera and special tools to remove the gallbladder. Watching a monitor, they carefully take out the gallbladder through these small openings. This method typically results in less pain, smaller scars, and a quicker recovery. 

Most people go home the same day and get back to their normal routines in about a week. It’s the preferred method for most straightforward cases. The lower risk and quicker recovery guarantee of minimally invasive surgeries are a major reason for their popularity.

If a laparoscopic cholecystectomy isn’t possible, doctors perform an open cholecystectomy. In the case of open surgeries, surgeons make a larger cut, about 6 to 12 inches, in the upper right part of the belly. This larger opening gives them a clear view and easy access to the gallbladder, which is helpful in complicated situations, like severe inflammation or large gallstones. 

While this method is more invasive and requires a longer hospital stay, it’s necessary for certain cases. Recovery from an open cholecystectomy takes longer, usually around four to six weeks. With the right surgeon, the postsurgical risks involved with open surgeries can be mitigated, so it is crucial that you understand the background of your surgeon very well before the open surgery.

Immediate Effects After Surgery

After gallbladder removal surgery, your body will experience several immediate changes as it adapts to the new way bile is processed and managed. Understanding these effects can help you prepare for what to expect and how to manage your recovery effectively.

Changes in Digestion

One of the primary roles of the gallbladder is to store bile produced by the liver and release it into the small intestine when you eat, especially after consuming fatty foods. After the gallbladder is removed, bile doesn't have a storage place anymore and flows continuously into the intestine. This change in bile flow can lead to some initial digestive adjustments:

• Bloating and Gas: Without the gallbladder’s regulated release of bile, you might experience bloating or increased gas, particularly after eating fatty or heavy meals. This happens because the constant flow of bile may not be sufficient to fully break down fats in your diet, leading to digestive discomfort.
   
• Diarrhea: Some people may experience diarrhea or loose stools shortly after surgery. This is because the bile flowing directly into the intestines can act as a laxative, speeding up digestion. The continuous presence of bile can irritate the lining of the intestine, leading to more frequent bowel movements.
   
• Fat Digestion Issues: Adjusting to a lower fat intake can be crucial initially as your body learns to manage without the gallbladder. Eating large amounts of fat right after surgery can overwhelm your digestive system, causing discomfort.

These physical effects are well understood by doctors, and they can help you understand the management processes that will help you manage the expected post surgical effects of gallbladder removal.

Recovery and Pain Management

Post-surgery recovery involves healing from both the operation and adjusting to the absence of the gallbladder. Here’s what you can expect:

• Incision Site Discomfort: You will likely feel some discomfort or pain around the areas where incisions were made. In laparoscopic surgery, these are usually small and heal relatively quickly. Pain management is typically straightforward with over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medications.
   
• Activity Resumption: Most people can resume light activities within a few days to a week. While it’s important to move around to prevent blood clots and promote circulation, you should avoid difficult activities or heavy lifting until your doctor allows it. Walking and gentle movements can aid in a faster recovery.
   
• Rest and Recovery: Ensuring you get plenty of rest is vital. Pay attention to your feelings and avoid returning to your daily routine too soon. It's normal to feel fatigued during the healing process.

Dietary Adjustments

Adapting your diet after gallbladder removal is essential to managing the immediate effects on your digestion and promoting a smooth recovery. Here are some dietary considerations:

• Initial Diet: After surgery, doctors often recommend starting with a low-fat diet. This helps ease your digestive system into processing foods without the gallbladder’s bile storage function. Low-fat foods put less strain on your digestive system and help minimise symptoms like bloating or diarrhoea.
   
• Gradual Reintroduction of Fats: Over time, you can gradually reintroduce healthy fats into your diet. Start with small amounts and increase slowly as your body adjusts. Foods rich in healthy fats include avocados, nuts, and olive oil. 
   
• Avoiding Certain Foods: Initially, you may need to avoid foods that are hard to digest or can cause irritation. These could include foods that are high-fat, fried, or spicy. Each person’s tolerance will vary, so keeping a food diary can help identify which foods might be problematic.
   
• Smaller, Frequent Meals: Eating smaller, more frequent meals can be easier on your digestive system than large, heavy meals. This approach helps your body manage the continuous, yet smaller, flow of bile more effectively.

What to Expect Post-Surgery

In the days right after surgery, you’ll be monitored closely and encouraged to move around to prevent complications like blood clots. You may feel nauseous or groggy from the anaesthesia, but this typically fades within a day or two. Once home, follow your doctor’s advice on wound care, activity, and diet. As you recover, you will gradually feel more like yourself.

Conclusion

Gallbladder removal, also known as cholecystectomy, is a common and effective surgery for treating gallbladder-related problems such as gallstones. For those considering gallstone removal surgery in Delhi, it's important to know that while the procedure is routine, it does require some initial adjustments. 

Understanding the post-surgery effects and necessary dietary changes can help you prepare and smoothly transition to life without your gallbladder. To learn more about gallbladder removal and its effects on your health, check out MASSH and request a callback from our website. You can also directly visit us to consult with our specialist and get your treatment process started, as soon as possible.