Say Goodbye to Obesity: Expert Treatments & Tips in Delhi

Obesity is a chronic medical condition marked by excessive accumulation of body fat that can negatively affect overall health. It is commonly measured using the Body Mass Index (BMI), with a BMI of 30 or higher considered obese. Obesity significantly increases the risk of several chronic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, heart disease, stroke, sleep apnea, and certain cancers.

Obesity is a complex condition influenced by a combination of genetic, metabolic, behavioral, and environmental factors. Lifestyle habits such as poor diet, physical inactivity, and irregular sleep patterns play a major role, while hormonal imbalances and genetic predispositions may also contribute. Understanding obesity’s type and severity is crucial for effective treatment and management.

Types of Obesity

Obesity is classified based on BMI and fat distribution:

Based on BMI:

• Overweight: BMI 25–29.9
• Obese Class I: BMI 30–34.9
• Obese Class II: BMI 35–39.9
• Obese Class III (Morbid Obesity): BMI ≥40

Based on Fat Distribution:

• Android (Apple-Shaped): Fat accumulates primarily around the abdomen, increasing cardiovascular disease risk.
• Gynoid (Pear-Shaped): Fat mainly around hips and thighs, with lower cardiovascular risk but potential mobility challenges.

Signs & Symptoms of Obesity

Obesity symptoms vary depending on the severity and associated health conditions:

• Excess Body Fat: Noticeable accumulation in abdomen, hips, thighs, or arms.
• Breathlessness: Shortness of breath even during mild exertion.
• Fatigue: Reduced energy affecting daily activities.
• Joint Pain: Especially in knees, hips, and lower back due to extra weight.
• Sleep Disorders: Sleep apnea or disrupted sleep from neck fat deposits.
• Skin Changes: Stretch marks, acanthosis nigricans, or infections in skin folds.

Causes of Obesity

Obesity develops due to an imbalance between calories consumed and calories burned, influenced by multiple factors:

• Poor Diet: High intake of sugary, fatty, and processed foods.
• Sedentary Lifestyle: Limited physical activity reduces calorie expenditure.
• Genetics: Family history may affect metabolism and fat storage.
• Hormonal Imbalances: Conditions such as thyroid disorders, Cushing’s syndrome, or insulin resistance.
• Medications: Certain drugs (steroids, antidepressants) can promote weight gain.
• Psychological Factors: Stress, depression, or emotional eating.
• Sleep Deprivation: Affects appetite hormones, leading to overeating.

Risk Factors

Certain factors increase the likelihood of obesity:

• Age: Slower metabolism with advancing age.
• Family History: Genetic susceptibility.
• Pregnancy: Postpartum weight retention.
• Chronic Diseases: Diabetes, hypothyroidism, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
• Lifestyle: Sedentary work, high-calorie diet, irregular sleep patterns.

Diagnosis of Obesity

Obesity diagnosis involves a combination of physical assessment, medical history, and tests:

• BMI Calculation: Measures weight relative to height.
• Waist Circumference: Assesses abdominal fat and cardiovascular risk.
• Physical Examination: Evaluates fat distribution, joint strain, and comorbidities.
• Blood Tests: Checks diabetes, cholesterol, thyroid, and liver function.
• Imaging (if required): Ultrasound or MRI to assess visceral fat.

Treatment Options for Obesity

Treatment plans are individualized based on obesity severity, comorbidities, and lifestyle:

1. Conservative Management

• Dietary Modifications: Balanced, low-calorie diet with fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein.
• Exercise: Moderate aerobic activity, strength training, and flexibility exercises.
• Behavioral Therapy: Counseling for improved eating habits, stress management, and lifestyle changes.
• Medications: Prescription weight loss drugs under medical supervision.

2. Minimally Invasive Procedures

• Intragastric Balloon: Temporary balloon reduces stomach capacity, limiting food intake.
• Endoscopic Sleeve: Minimally invasive procedure to reduce stomach size.

3. Surgical Intervention

• Bariatric Surgery: Includes gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, or Ron’Y gastric for severe obesity or obesity with comorbidities.

4. Prevention

• Maintaining a balanced diet, regular physical activity, proper sleep, and stress management helps prevent obesity and related health risks.

Why You Should Not Ignore Obesity

Ignoring obesity can lead to:

• Increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease
• Joint damage and mobility limitations
• Higher likelihood of sleep apnea and breathing issues
• Elevated risk of certain cancers
• Psychological effects: low self-esteem, anxiety, and depression

Care at MASSH Group of Hospitals

MASSH Group of Hospitals provides comprehensive obesity management with advanced facilities and patient-focused care:

• Advanced Technology: Cutting-edge diagnostics and minimally invasive bariatric procedures.
• Expert Doctors: Experienced bariatric surgeons, endocrinologists, and dietitians offering personalized care.
• Minimally Invasive Options: Endoscopic procedures, intragastric balloons, and laparoscopic bariatric surgery for faster recovery.
• Comfortable Environment: Home-like facilities and emotional support for long-term weight management.
• Cashless Treatment Facility: Empaneled insurance accepted with fast pre-authorization.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is obesity?
Obesity is excessive body fat accumulation, usually defined by BMI ≥30, increasing health risks.

2. What are the types of obesity?
Overweight, Obese Class I–III, and fat distribution types (Android/Apple-shaped and Gynoid/Pear-shaped).

3. What are treatment options for obesity?

• Conservative: Diet, exercise, lifestyle changes
• Minimally invasive: Intragastric balloon, endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty
• Surgical: Bariatric surgery (gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, etc.)

4. Can obesity be reversed without surgery?
Yes, mild-to-moderate obesity can often be managed with diet, exercise, behavioral therapy, and medications.

5. How long does it take to see results?

• Lifestyle changes: Weeks to months
• Medications: Several weeks under supervision
• Surgery: Noticeable weight loss within 3–6 months

6. Can I exercise with obesity?
Yes, moderate-intensity exercises like walking, swimming, and cycling are recommended. Avoid high-impact exercises initially if joints are strained.

7. How can I prevent obesity?
Maintain a balanced diet, regular exercise, adequate sleep, stress management, and avoid prolonged sedentary behavior.