Pain is the most common symptom that indicates a variety of health issues. Two types of pain that are often confused are back pain and kidney stones. While these conditions can cause tremendous discomfort, it’s important to understand the difference in their location and symptoms to help you identify the cause and seek appropriate treatment. In this guide, we will explain what exactly kidney stones are, what the signs of kidney stones are, and the possible solutions to prevent them.

Kidney stone Vs Back pain

Back pain and kidney stones go hand in hand. Pain on the side and lower back, which then radiates to the groin area, can be a common symptom of kidney stones. However, to be sure about back pain caused by kidney stones, several other boxes must be ticked, like location, nature of pain, and other symptoms.

Kidney stones are relatively common, affecting 1 out of 10 people over their lifespan. These are found more often in men than in women. Back pain, mainly on the side or lower back, can be a significant symptom of kidney stones. It is usually described as sharp, severe pain that comes in waves and radiates towards the groin area. Other signs may include blood in urine, nausea, vomiting, and painful urination. Let us first understand what kidney stones are and the difference between back pain caused by kidney stones and other causes.

What are Kidney Stones?

Kidney stones, also known as renal calculi, nephrolithiasis, or urolithiasis) are hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside a person’s kidneys. Diet, excess body weight, some medical conditions, and certain supplements are among the many causes of kidney stones. The size of these stones can vary, and these can be as large as a golf ball. Smaller stones usually go unnoticed and pass out of the body along with urine, whereas larger stones can get stuck in the urinary tract and need surgery to restore kidney functions.

What causes back pain?

1. Muscle or Ligament Strain

• Lifting heavy objects improperly
• Sudden awkward movements
• Poor posture or overuse

2. Herniated or Bulging Discs

• Discs between vertebrae can press on nerves
• Common in the lower back and neck

3. Arthritis

• Osteoarthritis can affect the lower back
• Can lead to spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal)

4. Poor Posture

• Sitting or standing incorrectly for long periods
• Using poorly designed workstations

5. Sedentary Lifestyle

• Weak core muscles contribute to instability
• Prolonged sitting tightens hip flexors and stresses the spine.

6. Injuries or Accidents

• Falls, sports injuries, or car accidents
• Can lead to fractures, sprains, or spinal misalignment

7. Scoliosis or Other Structural Problems

• Abnormal curvature of the spine
• Causes uneven stress on muscles and joints

8. Osteoporosis

• Weak and brittle bones
• Can lead to compression fractures in the spine

9. Obesity

• Excess weight increases pressure on the spine
• Contributes to wear and tear

10. Psychological Stress

• Tension and anxiety can tighten back muscles
• Chronic stress may increase perception of pain

Causes of Kidney Pain

Many people are suffering from back aches. There can be many underlying factors, including kidney problems. These are slightly different from regular backaches. The primary reasons for kidney pain are:

• Kidney stones
• Urinary tract infection
• Blood clots
• Infections
• Injury to the organ

Is Your Back Pain a Sign of Kidney Stones?

While general back pain is common, kidney stones can cause a specific type of pain. Here’s how to tell the difference:

Key Signs of Kidney Stone-Related Back Pain:

• Pain on the Side or Under Ribs
  Kidney stone pain is usually felt on one side, in the lower back, under the ribs, or sometimes radiating to the groin.
• Pain Comes in Waves
  Unlike steady back pain, kidney stone pain tends to come and go in waves as the stone moves through the urinary tract.
• Persistent Pain That Doesn’t Ease with Movement
  Movement or changing positions doesn’t relieve the pain—and in some cases, it may get worse. Painkillers might help briefly, but the pain often returns.
• Blood in Urine
  Urine may appear pink, red, or brown due to irritation from the stone.
• Frequent Urge to Urinate
  As the stone nears the bladder, you may feel a stronger or more frequent need to urinate.

Medical Treatments for Kidney Stone Back Pain

For moderate to severe cases, doctors may recommend:

• Pain Management
• Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen, acetaminophen, or naproxen.
• Prescription medications for severe discomfort.

Hydration Therapy

• Drinking 2-3 liters of water daily can help flush out small stones naturally.
• Medications to Ease Stone Passage
• Alpha-blockers like Tamsulosin relax the ureter muscles, making it easier for stones to pass.

Medical Procedures for Large Stones

• RIRS: RIRS waves to break stones into smaller pieces.
• Ureteroscopy: A thin tube is used to remove or break down stones.
• Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): A minimally invasive surgery for larger stones.
• ECIRS (Endoscopic Combined Intrarenal Surgery: ECIRS is a minimally invasive procedure that combines retrograde and antegrade endoscopic techniques to remove complex or large kidney stones. It offers better stone clearance and reduced need for multiple surgeries.
• MiniPerc (Minimally Invasive Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: MiniPerc is a less invasive version of PCNL that uses smaller instruments and access tracts to remove kidney stones, reducing bleeding, pain, and recovery time. It’s ideal for moderate-sized renal stones.

Dietary Modifications

• Limit salt intake, as excess sodium increases calcium deposits.
• Reduce oxalate-rich foods like spinach, nuts, and chocolates.
• Increase citrate intake through citrus fruits (lemons, oranges) to prevent stone formation.

Herbal and Natural Remedies.

• Apple cider vinegar contains acetic acid, which helps dissolve kidney stones.
• Basil tea is a natural detoxifier for kidney health.

Regular Exercise.

Mild to moderate activity like walking, can help the stones move.

Avoid high-intensity workouts, which may worsen pain.

When to Seek Medical Attention for Back Aches

While mild back pain can often be managed at home, immediate medical attention is necessary if:

• Pain is severe and unbearable.
• There is blood in the urine.
• You experience fever, chills, or vomiting.
• Pain does not improve with hydration or over-the-counter medications.

If symptoms persist, a consultation with specialists at the MASSH hospital can provide advanced surgical treatment options tailored to your condition.

Conclusion

Kidney stones are a lesser-known yet significant cause of back pain, often mistaken for muscle strain or spinal issues. Recognizing distinctive symptoms such as one-sided lower back pain, urinary changes, and radiating discomfort is crucial for early diagnosis and treatment.

While small stones may pass naturally, larger stones require medical intervention to prevent complications. Hydration, dietary changes, and lifestyle adjustments can aid in kidney stone prevention and pain relief.

If you’re experiencing persistent back pain, seeking professional evaluation at MASSH can help determine whether the cause is musculoskeletal or kidney-related. With expert non-surgical & advanced Surgical pain management solutions, you can find effective relief and regain your quality of life.

For more information on back pain treatments, visit MASSH hospital.